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REASEARCH
ON SOME QUR'ANIC VERSES ABOUT JIHAD & QITAAL
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A
truthful person is always impartial in making
a judgment. If he really wants to find out the
Truth, he must study the Book of The Creator
with an open mind and without being influenced
by unholy and sinful deeds of the Muslim Kings.
Some elements in the Muslim society have tarnished
the fair image of Islam by their foolhardiness.
They have dragged Islam to achieve their petty
political goals, exploiting the young generation
even to the extent of exhorting, abetting and
justifying suicide missions. One can see that
there are a number of non-Muslim groups involved
in armed conflicts, killings, and other disruptive
and terrorist activities. But as they have not
tagged the name of their religion with their
political movements, they are not termed as
Hindu, Buddha or Christian terrorists. For instance,
no one calls the Sri Lankan crisis a religious
one, or a war between Hinduism and Buddhism.
No body maligns their scriptures or religion
because both of them are not using their religion
as tools. Similarly there are many extremist
groups in the North-eastern states of India
mostly professing Christianity. But nobody will
brand them ‘Christian terrorists’.
Terrorism is basically political in nature and
needs a political solution.
Thus the objection mentioned
above consists of two parts. First, the Qur’an
provokes upon killing the infidels – Kafirs.
And secondly, the word ‘Kafir’ is
used as a synonym for ‘Hindu’. So
we will deal with both parts of this objection
in detail in the light of the Qur’an.
The Qur’an is
the Book of The GOD Who is the Creator and Master
of the whole humanity, universe and all that
exists. HE is providing the so called Kafirs
on the earth also with all sorts of sustenance.
Then how can HE command Muslims to kill them
for nothing?
Here we should find
out the connotation of the term Kafir, at the
outset. Then we should enlist all those instances
where the faithfuls are commanded to fight against
the Kafirs and the reasons for such orders.
For, The GOD of all will not command to fight
just for the fun of it. We have to look at the
pros and cons of each of such instances.
The
objection is a sweeping remark and does not
contain references to specific Verses of the
Qur’an, and so the outcome of analysis
is: There is no command in the Qur’an
to kill the Kafirs just because they are Kafirs.
On the contrary Qur’an grants all others
the right to religious freedom. For the reference
we are quoting the whole chapter number 109
here. The heading of the chapter is Al-Kafiroon:
“Say:
O Kafirs, I do not worship that which you worship,
and neither do you worship that which I worship.
And I will not worship that which you are worshipping
and neither will you worship that which I worship.
Unto you, your religion and unto me mine!”
(From
Holy Qur'an 109/1-6)
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Secondly, in the Holy
Qur’an, particularly the Hindus are not
referred to as ‘Kafirs’. Some Muslim
rulers might have used the terminology to serve
their political agenda.
The
word ‘Kufr’ (noun form) is used
for behaviors, thoughts, acts, mind-sets, styles,
attitudes and deeds of individuals. It is not
used to denote any caste, community, culture
or race. Some verses of the Qur’an prove
that such follies of thoughts and deeds could
be committed by a Muslim too. The word ‘Kufr’
has been employed to mean disobedience, sin,
denial, rebellion, hiding truth and even tilling
of land. It is used to mean ingratitude as opposed
to gratitude and reward. There will remain a
strong need to search how the Muslims misused
this word often. Also it will remain a strong
need to understand its exact purport in the
Verse it had been used. Some men of letters
in service of Muslim despots had also used this
term against their political rivals, even against
various Muslim communities to suppress or exploit
them. The word Kufr - Kafir and its etymology
have been dealt with in our explanation to objection
1-B. Please refer to it for further details.
To
recap, a divine order to kill the Kafirs without
reason does not exist anywhere in the Qur’an.
On the contrary the Qur’an grants freedom
of religion to Kafirs, “For
you is your religion and for me, my religion.”
(Chapter
109 Verse 6)
Q2:
‘Jihad’ has many connotations, but
its real meaning is to fight against the non-Muslims
people. It means to fight for the political
supremacy of a Muslim nation. Is it reasonable
and logical to publicize this idea?
Analysis
2:
The word ‘Jihad’ is a Qur’anic
term. It is in Arabic. There are a number of lexicons/
dictionaries of Arabic available at present. Lot
of Christians, Jews and other non-Muslims born
in the Middle East from ancient times speak this
language. It is their mother tongue. Many out
of them have served this language as writers and
poets. Hence the popular Arabic Dictionary ‘Al-Moorid’
has also been compiled by a Christian Arab. Anybody
can refer in any dictionary of Arabic that the
word ‘Jihad’ does not mean what is
alleged in the objection. This word has not been
used in the Qur’an to denote a war. Its
root is ("J-H-D" pronounced as JAHADA)
which means to struggle hard, to strive hard.
The word for ‘war’ used in the Qur’an
is ‘Qital’ or ‘Harb’.
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Word
‘Jihad’ is not used in the Qur’an
for any kind of war on social, religious, racial, political
or national fronts. However we should analyze the other
word ‘Qital’ which means war. The very first
injunction in the Qur’an for it is in the second
chapter which reads as under:
“And
fight in the way of ALLAH against those who fight you,
but do not commit aggression. ALLAH does not like transgressors.”
(Chapter
2 Verse 190)
The
inferences drawn from this very first verse for ‘wars’
are enumerated as under:
a)
The war (Qital) should always be in the way/cause
of ALLAH. How can the wars in the name of nation or
any purpose other than 'way/cause of Allah' will fall
in this category?
b) The whole sequence
which leads to 'Qital' through out the Qur’an
is like this: First call towards natural Truth, (Deen),
if resistance comes, practice patience. If the atrocities
are not bearable, then migration. If after migration
there are attacks, respond to it fully and defend
yourselves.
c) The faithfuls are
bound by regulations even during such a battle ‘in
the way of Allah’. They are forbidden to commit
excesses. People generally believe that everything
is fair in war, whereas the Qur’an forbids transgression
even in war, for it regards both the invaders and
the defenders as creatures of the same GOD. Excesses
cannot be justified under the GOD ordained Qur’anic
norms.
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